A novel surgical graft salvaging procedure in liver transplant recipients with early-onset hepatic venous outflow obstruction
Isabel González-Barba Neira1, Jose Andrés Molino 1,2, Jesus Quintero3, María Marget Mercadal-Hally3, Cristina Padros 3, Simone Mameli3, Cristina Dopazo2, Concepción Gómez-Gavara2, Itxarone Izaskun Bilbao2, Ernest Hidalgo2.
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; 2Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Transplants, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; 3Pediatric Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
Introduction: Hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVOO) is a serious vascular complication that entails a high risk of early graft loss. Our aim is to present a novel graft salvaging surgical technique.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of liver transplant (LT) recipients with early-onset HVOO (1 month postLT) between 2013-2023.
Results: Out of 157 LTs, four patients (2,5%) presented early-onset HVOO and all required surgical treatment. In patient 1 and 2 outflow was reestablished by reconstructing the end-to-side piggy-pack anastomosis under hepatic exclusion.
Patient 3 received a combined liver-kidney transplant with a side-to-side piggy-back anastomosis and presented with refractory ascites on day 4. Hepatic venography confirmed a drainage issue secondary to excessive sectioning of the suprahepatic stump, requiring surgery 8 days postransplant. Under hepatic exclusion a donor-harvested femoral vein was employed to elongate the short suprahepatic stump and increase surface area of drainage.
Patient 4 received a reduced left liver graft with an end-to-side piggy-pack anastomosis and presented with refractory ascites and pleural effusion on day 12. Hepatic venography confirmed kinking of the middle and left hepatic veins, which precluded venoplasty and stenting, warranting surgery 16 days postransplant. Under hepatic exclusion a donor-harvested femoral vein was employed to elongate the suprahepatic stump and convert the end-to-side anastomosis into a side-to-side anastomosis. The patient required retransplantation after 10 months due to refractory rejection. None of the patients required venovenous bypassing.
Conclusion: Employing a venous graft to elongate the suprahepatic stump, is a feasible, effective and ingenious surgical alternative to treat HVOO.
[1] Venous graft
[2] Early-onset hepatic outflow obstruction